| Garfield, New Jersey | |
|---|---|
| — City — | |
| City of Garfield | |
| Map highlighting Garfield's location within Bergen County. Inset: Bergen County's location within New Jersey | |
| Census Bureau map of Garfield, New Jersey | |
| Coordinates: | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Jersey |
| County | Bergen |
| Incorporated | March 15, 1898 (as Borough) April 19, 1917 (as City) |
| Government[1] | |
| • Type | 1923 Municipal Manager Law |
| • Mayor | Frank J. Calandriello (term ends June 30, 2012)[2] |
| • Manager | Thomas J. Duch[3] |
| Area[4] | |
| • Total | 2.160 sq mi (5.594 km2) |
| • Land | 2.099 sq mi (5.436 km2) |
| • Water | 0.061 sq mi (0.158 km2) 2.82% |
| Elevation[5] | 95 ft (29 m) |
| Population (2010 Census)[6][7] | |
| • Total | 30,487 |
| • Density | 14,524.8/sq mi (5,608.1/km2) |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code | 07026[8] |
| Area code(s) | 862/973 |
| FIPS code | 34-25770[9][10][10] |
| GNIS feature ID | 0876557[11] |
| Website | http://www.garfieldnj.org |
Garfield is a city in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city population was 30,487.[6][12]
When the area that is now Garfield was first developed in 1873, it was known as East Passaic. In 1881, the community's name was changed to Garfield in honor of President of the United States James Garfield. There are generally two explanations given for the new moniker. According to one, shortly after Garfield was elected to the presidency the founder of East Passaic said, "tell everyone...don’t speak of East Passaic anymore; call it 'Garfield' after the man who will lead this great country to prosperity." Seven months later, President Garfield was assassinated but his name remained with the community.[13] The second theory holds that after Garfield's death in 1881, a new train station was named in his honor, which in turn led to the surrounding area becoming associated with his name as well.[14]
Garfield was originally incorporated as a borough on March 15, 1898, from portions of Saddle River Township and Wallington. At the time, the New Jersey Legislature set Garfield's boundaries as they exist today. On April 19, 1917, the borough became the City of Garfield, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier.[15]
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Garfield is located at (40.879797,-74.10825). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 2.160 square miles (5.594 km2), of which, 2.099 square miles (5.436 km2) of it is land and 0.061 square miles (0.158 km2) of it (2.82%) is water.[16][4]
The city of Garfield shares land borders with Elmwood Park, Saddle Brook, Lodi and South Hackensack, and river borders with Wallington along the Saddle River as well as Passaic and Clifton along the Passaic River.
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1890 | 1,028 |
|
|
| 1900 | 3,504 | 240.9% | |
| 1910 | 10,213 | 191.5% | |
| 1920 | 19,381 | 89.8% | |
| 1930 | 29,739 | 53.4% | |
| 1940 | 28,044 | −5.7% | |
| 1950 | 27,550 | −1.8% | |
| 1960 | 29,253 | 6.2% | |
| 1970 | 30,797 | 5.3% | |
| 1980 | 26,803 | −13.0% | |
| 1990 | 26,727 | −0.3% | |
| 2000 | 29,786 | 11.4% | |
| 2010 | 30,487 | 2.4% | |
| Population sources:1890-1930[17] 1900-1990[18][19] 2000[20][21] 2010[6][12][7] |
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As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 30,487 people, 11,073 households, and 7,718 families residing in the city. The population density was 14,524.8 inhabitants per square mile (5,608.1 /km2). There were 11,788 housing units at an average density of 5,616.1 per square mile (2,168.4 /km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 76.73% (23,393) White, 6.50% (1,981) African American, 0.43% (132) Native American, 2.22% (678) Asian, 0.01% (2) Pacific Islander, 10.85% (3,307) from other races, and 3.26% (994) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 32.24% (9,830) of the population.[6]
There were 11,073 households out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 17.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.3% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.29.[6]
In the city the population was spread out with 23.3% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.5 years. For every 100 females there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.0 males.[6]
The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $51,407 (with a margin of error of +/- $1,842) and the median family income was $56,701 (+/- $5,020). Males had a median income of $42,927 (+/- $1,953) versus $33,231 (+/- $3,471) for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,022 (+/- $1,348). About 9.8% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 230.0% of those under age 18 and 16.2% of those age 65 or over.[22]
As of the census[9] of 2000, there were 29,786 people, 11,250 households, and 7,425 families residing in the city. The population density was 13,976.0 people per square mile (5,399.3/km2). There were 11,698 housing units at an average density of 5,488.8 per square mile (2,120.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 82.11% White, 2.98% African American, 0.33% Native American, 2.69% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 8.10% from other races, and 3.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.11% of the population.[20][21]
There were 11,250 households out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.5% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.26.[20][21]
In the city the population was spread out with 22.4% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males.[20][21]
The median income for a household in the city was $42,748, and the median income for a family was $51,654. Males had a median income of $35,987 versus $26,896 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,530. About 6.4% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.[20][21]
As of the 2000 Census, an adjusted 22.9% of Garfield's population (24.9% of the population, 7,431 reported Polish ancestry, with ancestries reported equaling 109.0% of the population) was listed as being of Polish ancestry, ranked third highest in New Jersey behind Manville (23.1%) and Wallington (45.5%).[23][21]
The City of Garfield is strong-arm governed under the 1923 Municipal Manager Law from of New Jersey municipal government. Since 1972, Garfield has been governed by a City Manager and a five-member Council. Council members are elected at large in nonpartisan elections to serve four-year terms on a concurrent basis.[1] The Council selects one of its members to be the Mayor and another to serve as Deputy Mayor. All of the members of the City Council are elected at large for four-year terms of office. The work of the City is carried on under the supervision of the appointed Department Heads and they, in turn, report to the City Manager.
As of 2012[update], members of the Garfield City Council are Mayor Frank J. Calandriello, Louis G. Aloia, Joseph Delaney and Tana M. Raymond, with one seat vacant.[24] Stating that he was planning to accept a position in Switzerland with his employer, deputy mayor Stanley Moskal announced his resignation in October 2011.[25]
Garfield is in the 9th Congressional district[26] and is part of New Jersey's 36th state legislative district.[27] The city was relocated to the 35th state legislative district by the New Jersey Apportionment Commission based on the results of the 2010 Census.[12] The new district is in effect for the June 2011 primary and the November 2011 general election, with the state senator and assembly members elected taking office in the new district as of January 2012.[27]
New Jersey's Ninth Congressional District is represented by Steve Rothman (D, Fair Lawn). New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Frank Lautenberg (D, Cliffside Park) and Bob Menendez (D, Hoboken).
36th District of the New Jersey Legislature, which is represented in the New Jersey Senate by Paul Sarlo (D, Wood-Ridge) and in the New Jersey General Assembly by Gary Schaer (D, Passaic) and Kevin J. Ryan (D, Nutley).[28] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham).[29] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[30]
Bergen County's County Executive is Kathleen Donovan (R, Rutherford; term ends December 31, 2014).[31] The Board of Chosen Freeholders is the county's legislative body and its seven members are elected at-large on a staggered basis, with two or three seats coming up for election each year.[32] As of 2011, Bergen County's Freeholders are Chairman John Driscoll, Jr. (R, 2012; Paramus),[33] Vice-Chairwoman Maura DeNicola (R, 2013; Franklin Lakes),[34] Chair Pro Tempore John D. Mitchell (R, 2013; Cliffside Park)[35] John A. Felice (R, 2013; River Edge),[36] David L. Ganz (D, 2011; Fair Lawn),[37] Robert G. Hermansen (R, 2012; Mahwah)[38] and Bernadette P. McPherson (D, 2011; Rutherford).[39][40] Other countywide constitutional officials are Sheriff Michael Saudino (R), Surrogate Michael R. Dressler (D, Cresskill) and County Clerk Elizabeth Randall (R, Westwood).[41]
As of Election Day, November 4, 2008, there were 10,725 registered voters. Of registered voters, 3,856 (36.0% of all registered voters) were registered as Democrats, 1,375 (12.8%) were registered as Republicans and 5,489 (51.1%) were registered as Undeclared. There were five voters registered to other parties.[42]
In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 60.0% of the vote here (4,919 ballots cast), outpolling Republican John McCain, who received 38.8% of the vote (3,184), with 76.8% of registered voters participating.[42] In the 2004 election, Democrat John Kerry received 57.8% of the vote here (4,804 ballots), defeating Republican George W. Bush, who received 40.9% (3,394), with 8,305 of 12,665 registered voters participating, for a turnout percentage of 65.6%.[43]
The Garfield Public Schools serve students in prekindergarten through twelfth grade. Garfield is one of 31 Abbott Districts statewide.[44]
Schools in the district (with 2009-10 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[45]) are Garfield Preschool (359 in PreK), seven K-5 elementary schools (except as indicated) — Washington Irving School #4 (278 in grades 2-5), Washington Irving School #4 Annex (164 in grades K-1), Woodrow Wilson School #5 (258), Abraham Lincoln Elementary School #6 (343), Roosevelt School #7 (342), Christopher Columbus School #8 (394) and James Madison School #10 (354; PreK-5) — Garfield Middle School (945) for grades 6-8 and Garfield High School (1,134) for grades 9-12.
Bergen Arts and Science Charter School, which opened in September 2006, serves public school students in the district, as well as those from Hackensack and Lodi.[46] The school had 430 students in grades K-7 in the 2009-10 school year.[47]
The Garfield Police Department (GPD) provides emergency and protective services to the city of Garfield. The GPD consists of 61 sworn officers.[48]
The Garfield Fire Department (GFD) is an all-volunteer fire department. The GFD was organized on July 17, 1893.[49] The department is staffed by 150 fully trained firefighters operating out of five firehouses.[50]
Garfield Station is served by the New Jersey Transit's Bergen County Line, as is the Plauderville station, located on the Saddle Brook border.
New Jersey Transit buses includes lines 160 and 161 serving the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan, and local service on the 702, 707, 709 and 758 routes.[51]
U.S. Route 46 and County Route 507 pass through Garfield. Other main roads include Midland Avenue, Outwater Lane, River Drive and Passaic Street.
Notable current and former residents of Garfield include:
| Wikisource has the text of the 1921 Collier's Encyclopedia article Garfield. |